[转] 原来爱情是最不重要的...

我的一个朋友最近才和妻子离婚了，我们都觉得奇怪，他的妻子是在他最困难的时候走近他的，在他被所有的人抛弃的时候向他伸出爱之手的，这一路的风风雨雨是我们所看到过的，这一路的艰难困苦也是我们所共同目睹的。 而现在，在他妻子的努力下，他的生活慢慢的好了，乡下的父母也接到城里来了，他却和妻子离婚了，他告诉我们，他没得选择，他的母亲极不喜欢他的妻子，他只能在母亲与妻子中选择一个，而且他说，母亲只能有一个，妻子却可以再一次的选择。 我约他的妻子喝过一次茶，温温柔柔的小女子，满眼的忧伤让人顿生无数怜爱。我试着问她离婚的原因，小女子只是含着泪摇头“我做不到他母亲所要求的媳妇。”然后无语。我接触过她的前任婆婆，我也知道她对媳妇的所谓之的要求，在她家做客的时候，我满耳朵听到的都是她对这个媳妇的挑拨。 而这个小女子居然就这样平平静静的走出了她付出了无数的家庭，而这个男人居然就这样放弃了曾对他有恩的一个小女子，原因只是他太爱她，但是在母亲与妻子中他只能选择一个。
又有一个朋友与远方的他相爱了，相互间的吸引激起了无数的火花，每个深夜，彼此间的电波交流，彼此心与心的呼喊。她告诉我，他是她所遇到过的最能让她心动的男子，而他却是我网络上的一个朋友，于是我也经常听到他在告诉过我，他惊叹今日今时才遇到他心中的女子。 两个相爱的人，恨不能穿越千山万水分分相守，电话电波已经无法承载他们的爱情，每月的电话费也让他们节衣缩食。于是，我说你们上网吧，写你们的相思，写你们的爱恋。 这样我每次上网时总能看到他们在彼此写着一些只有对方才看得懂的文字，当然这些文字会被扫掉的，每当这时，我总会复制下来，日子久了，他们的文字居然让我整理出了几万字的情语情话。 就在我准备将这些文字整理发表时，他们突然的从版面上消失了，而且告诉我永远不会来了，因为他们永远的结局了。我很莫明其妙，因为他们之间的深情曾经深深的感动着我，他们彼此的依恋曾让我在无数个夜里落泪。这样相爱的两个人居然说结束就结束了。 我问为什么，两个人同时告诉我，因为彼此距离太远了，他不可能放弃一切到她的城市来，而她也抛不下所有去他的身边。就这样两个人因为距离慢慢的放手，慢慢的任一段爱消失了。
身边还有许多这样的例子，身边还有许多这样的朋友，看他们相爱的时候春花秋月，牵手相拥，恨不能生生世世相守。而结束的时候往往会有这样与那样的原因，有的说因为父母不同意，不想伤父母的心；有的说两个人的条件相差太多，有的人说年龄相差太多，有的人说距离相差太远…… 而且这许许多多的原因都是很重要的，父母不同意以后的家庭关系会搞不好，两个人条件相差太多会让以后的生活不和，年龄是最大的问题，相差太多思想没办法沟通，距离怎么能让爱相守呢，还是找个身边的人相爱现实的多……
是啊，有这么多的问题摆在面前，这相爱的两个人怎么能不就结束了呢。只是当初相爱时这一切不是明摆的吗？为什么要等到爱深了，情浓了，离不得，弃伤心的时候了才将这一切又重新摆放出来将自己的爱情打得粉碎？
是啊，这一切的一切都很重要，父母重要，工作重要，地位重要，身份重要，房子重要，朋友重要……这么重要的东西，一样也不能放弃，这么重要的东西，舍了一样生活这会变得艰难了。
只有爱情是最不重要的，只有爱情是最容易舍弃的，因了任何一个原因，我们都可以放弃爱情，管他曾经的山盟海誓，管他以前的花前月下，管他彼此的难舍难分，管他痛哭与眼泪，舍了就舍了，弃了就弃了。
原来除了爱情以外，什么都是重要的，原来什么都重要，只有爱情是最不重要的……

辛棄疾

書博山道中壁

少年不識愁滋味,
愛上層樓.
愛上層樓,
為賦新詞強說愁.

而今識盡愁滋味,
欲說還休.
欲說還休,
卻道 "天涼好個秋"!

Future perfect

The human genome has been sequenced. The question now is what next?
Many discoveries and inventions shaped the 20th century, but there is a good case to argue that electricity was the most important of them. As the 19th was the steam century, the 20th was the electric one. There is at least a possibility that 21st may be the DNA century.
Certainly, the technology is now at the mew born baby stage. And certainly, politicians will find ways to tax it. But babies grow up. People now alive will witness the synthesis of completely artificial life forms (if only to show that it can be done) and the creation of new species, not merely new varieties, of living things. They will see the routine incorporation of biology into industrial processes. They will see a revolution in medicine for themselves, and the birth of people whose biology has been optimized from conception to be resistant to disease and old age. They may even see a world where children are tailored to the wishes of their parents.
They will also see a shift of mind-set. It will be brought home that living things, people included, are indeed no more than information-processing machines, while at the same time it will be shown just what it is that makes humans so special and different from their fellow creatures. The underlying unity of humanity will probably be emphasized in ways that might even help to dispel racial prejudice. In the longer term, the genetics the neurobiology that underpins the predisposition to such prejudice, along with many other aspects of human behaviour, may yield it self up. Yet evil, or the capacity for it will persist.
On the way, there will be accidents-especially accidents caused by the fact that biological inventions, unlike the physical inventions of the past, will frequently be able to reproduce themselves without human assistance. Dealing with these accidents. New ways of thinking of a different kind may be forced on people by the biological self-knowledge that the century will bring. It will be an interesting ride. And it may end up, literally, reshaping humanity.

DUMA DUMA

THE STAR WAS BORN!
numa numa

The causes of booms and busts

Recorded data on business cycles go back to the early 19th century, but economists still cannot agree about what causes contractions and expansions in economic activity.
Economists have come up with all sorts of explanations. The current preference is to look for more down-to-earth causes, which come in two main varieties: those that explain the business cycle as a self-perpetuating process, and those that blame recessions on shocks or policy mistakes. The main theories are:

Exogenous shocks
Recessions, it is argued, are caused by unexpected events, such as the rise in oil prices in the; mid-1970s or, as some (incorrectly) tried to argue, the terrorist attacks on September 11th last year. If so, recessions are, by definition, totally unpredictable. They cannot be prevented, but once they have arrived governments can use fiscal and monetary policies to cushion demand.

Keynesian theory
John Maynard Keynes blamed recessions on the inherent instability of investment caused by “animal spirits”: swings in the mood of producers, from optimism to pessimism. As investment slumps, jobs and household incomes fall, amplifying the initial drop in demand. Unemployment rises because workers will not accept the pay cuts required to price the jobless back into work. So, to bring the economy back to full employment, the government needs to pursue expansionary policies.

Real business-cycle theory
This theory, which emerged in the early 1980s, sees productivity shocks as the cause of economic fluctuations. For example, if productivity falls, current returns decline, says the theory, so workers and firms choose to work less and take more leisure. Rather than explaining the cycle in terms of market failure, as Keynes did, real business-cycle theory views a recession as the optimal response by households and firms to at shift in productivity. If so, there is no point in governments stimulating the economy. But most economists find this theory hard to swallow.

Policy mistakes
The rate Rudi Dornibusch, an economist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, once remarked: “None of the postwar expansions died of old age, they were all murdered by the Fed.” Almost every recession since 1945, with the exception of last year’s, was preceded by a sharp rise in inflation that forced central banks to raise interest rates.

The first mistake was to allow economies to overheat; the second to slam on the brakes too hard. This theory gave rise to the popular belief that recessions could be avoided so long as governments pursued prudent monetary policies to keep inflation low and stable. Yet the recessions in Japan after the 1980s bubble and America more recently suggest that price stability does not prevent booms and busts.

Austrian business-cycle theory
This is the oldest, developed by Austrian economists such as Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek in the early 20th century. Unlike Keynes, who thought recessions were: caused by insufficient demand, these economists put them down to excess supply brought about by over investment. As a result of mutually reinforcing movements in credit, investment and profits, each boom contains the seeds of the subsequent recession and each recession the seeds of the subsequent boom.
According to Hayek, output fluctuates because the short-term interest rate. For loans diverges from the “natural” or equilibrium interest rate the rate at which the supply of saving from household equals the demand for investment funds by firms. If central banks hold interest rates below this rate, credit and investment will rise too rapidly, and consumers will not save enough. This creates a mismatch between future output (which will increase as a result of higher investment) and future spending (which will fall as a result of lower saving today). Cheap credit and inflated profit expectations cause both over-investment and “malinvestment” in the wrong kind of capital. The mismatch between saving and investment will eventually push up interest rates, making some previous investments unprofitable. Too much capacity will also reduce profits. Investment collapses, ushering in a recession. As excess capacity is cut, profits rise and investment eventually recovers.
According to this theory, central banks would not be able to avoid a downturn by heading off a rise in interest rates. The only way to prevent the cycle from turning is to inject ever more credit, which becomes unsustainable. A recession is inevitable, and necessary to correct the imbalance between saving and investment.

CONTES DE FEE 关于童话

看到BNF的广告 关于童话的展览
Contraire a ce qu'on aurait croir les contes de fee sont loin etre des histoires innocentes dont entendaient les enfants, ce sont des contes de tristesse et de cruaute.
De melusine au petit chapeau rouge ou encore la blanche neige ou la barbe bleu, mi femme mi serpent, peches, inceste, trahison... tel est le vrai visage des contes de fee, en effet ces histoires sont en aucun cas destinees aux enfants mais bien des adultes. Aujourd'hui les recolteurs des contes les recueillent, les reforment, voila on obtient les contes non de fee mais d' enfant.




Mélusine en son bain, épiée par son époux

Roman de Mélusine par Jean d'Arras. Manuscrit enluminé, XVe siècle.
BnF, Manuscrits.

Ce conte populaire aux origines lointaines est entré dans la littérature à la fin du XIIe siècle. L'histoire de Mélusine glisse vers la légende quand la fée amante devient la souche originelle d'une lignée, celle des Lusignan. Condamnée à se muer en femme-serpente tous les samedis, Mélusine consent à épouser Raimondin à condition qu'il n'enfreigne pas l'interdit : ne jamais chercher à la voir un certain jour de la semaine. "Maternelle et défricheuse", Mélusine donne le jour à dix fils, construit cités et châteaux jusqu'au jour où son époux, ayant découvert son secret, la qualifie publiquement de "très fausse serpente". Dragon ailé, Mélusine s'envole par la fenêtre et disparaît, revenant la nuit nourrir ses deux plus jeunes enfants.




Nains romantiques autour du cercueil de Blanche-Neige

Illustration d'Angela Barrett pour Blanche-Neige par Joséphine Poole d'après Grimm. Paris, Kaleidoscope, 1991
BnF, Littérature et Art (EL 4° Y 642) © Kaleidoscope, 1991. Photo M. Urtado.




Le Petit Chaperon rouge découvre sa grand-mère

Illustration d'Arthur Rackham pour Le Petit Chaperon rouge des frères Grimm. Réemployée dans Le Printemps sur la neige et autres contes du bon vieux temps par Charles Guyot. Paris, L'édition d'Art Henri Piazza, 1922. (29,6 x 23,1 cm)
BnF, Littérature et art. (4° Y28350) D.R.




Barbe-Bleue met sa femme en garde

Illustration par Gustave Doré pour La Barbe-Bleue dans Les Contes de Perrault. Paris, Jules Hetzel, 1862. Gravure sur bois (33 x 27 cm)
BnF, Estampes et Photographie (Dc 298 j2 Doré XI)

“ S'il vous arrive de l'ouvrir, il n'y a rien que vous ne deviez attendre de ma colère. ”